|
South India is the area encompassing India's states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Telangana, Tamil Nadu and Kerala as well as the union territories of Lakshadweep and Puducherry, occupying 19.31% of India's area (). South India includes the southern part of the peninsular Deccan Plateau and is bounded by the Arabian Sea in the west, the Indian Ocean in the south and the Bay of Bengal in the east. The geography of the region is diverse, encompassing two mountain ranges, the Western and Eastern Ghats, and a plateau heartland. The Godavari, Krishna, Tungabhadra, Kaveri, and Vaigai rivers are important non-perennial sources of water. Bengaluru, Chennai, Hyderabad, Visakhapatnam, Vijayawada, Coimbatore, Kochi, Mysuru and Thiruvananthapuram are the largest and most industrialized cities in the region. A majority of Indians from the southern region speak one of the following languages: Telugu, Tamil, Kannada, Malayalam, and Tulu . During its history, a number of dynastic kingdoms ruled over parts of South India whose invasions across southern and southeastern Asia impacted the history and cultures of modern sovereign states such as Sri Lanka, Singapore, the Philippines, Indonesia, Thailand, and Malaysia. The region was colonized by Britain and gradually incorporated into the British Empire. South India, particularly Kerala, has been a major entry point of the religions of Christianity and later Islam to the Indian Subcontinent. After experiencing fluctuations in the decades immediately after Indian independence, the economies of South Indian states have registered higher than national average growth over the past three decades. While South Indian states have improved in some socio-economic metrics, poverty continues to affect the region much like the rest of the country, although it has considerably decreased over the years. HDI in southern states is high and the economy has undergone growth at a faster rate than most northern states. Literacy rates in southern states is also very high, with approximately 80% of the population capable of reading and writing, while in Kerala (which has the highest literacy rate in India) 94% of the population are literate. Honour killings are non-existent in South India. Violence against women in South India is relatively low, with southern states having a progressive attitude toward the rights for women. Agriculture is the single largest contributor to the regional net domestic product, while Information technology is a rapidly growing industry. Literary and architectural styles, evolved over two thousand years, differ from other parts of the country. Politics in South India is dominated by smaller regional political parties rather than by national political parties. South India ranks the highest in terms of social and economic development in areas such as fertility rate and infrastructure; the fertility rate of South India is 1.9, the lowest of all regions in India.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=NFHS India )〕 ==Etymology== Apart from the English language terms ''South India'' and ''Peninsular India'', southern India has been known by several other historic names. The term ''Deccan'' is an Anglicised form of the word ''dakkhin'', which is a Prakrit word derived from the Sanskrit word ''dakshina'' meaning south. ''Deccan'' refers only to the area covered by the Deccan Plateau, a volcanic plateau that covers most of peninsular India excluding the coastal areas.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Dictionary definitions of 'Deccan' )〕 ''The Carnatic'' is an English term derived from ''"Karnād"'' or ''"Karunād"'', meaning ''high country''. The terms ''Karnād'' and ''Carnatic'' have long overgrown particular association with the plateau and refer to all of South India, including the coasts, the western of which is named the Carnatic coast. The name ''Karnātaka'' is derived from the same root.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Origins of the word 'Carnatic' in the Hobson Jobson Dictionary. )〕''Thenagam'' (''Then'' meaning south) & (''agam'' meaning place) is another name given to the Southern region by Tamil Language and person belonging to this region is termed as ''Thenavan''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「South India」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|